The Florida Highwaymen artists, originally a group of 26 Black painters from Fort Pierce and Gifford, have lost another member. Albert “Al” Black, one of the iconic Florida Highwaymen artists, passed away on May 12, 2025, at the age of 77, leaving only four surviving members of this influential group.
Who Are the Florida Highwaymen Artists?
The Florida Highwaymen artists emerged in the 1950s in Fort Pierce and Gifford, Florida. Led by founders Alfred Hair and Harold Newton, these artists painted vivid Florida landscapes, often selling their artwork along roadsides due to Jim Crow-era restrictions barring Black artists from gallery exhibitions.
Mentored by renowned White artist A.E. “Bean” Backus, the group overcame racial barriers, selling approximately 200,000 paintings by the end of the 20th century. In 2004, all 26 original Highwaymen, including the group’s sole female artist, Mary Ann Carroll, were inducted into the Florida Artists Hall of Fame.
Florida Highwaymen Artists: Remaining Members
With Al Black’s passing, only four original Florida Highwaymen artists remain alive today. Each has a unique story and contribution to this historic art movement.
Willie Reagan
Willie Reagan, born in Lake Park, Florida, in 1939, grew up in Gifford. Inspired by Harold Newton, Reagan pursued art education at Florida A&M University. After teaching art in Georgia and serving in the U.S. Army, Reagan returned to the Treasure Coast and joined the Highwaymen.
Robert L. Lewis Jr.
Robert L. Lewis Jr., born in Cocoa, Florida, in 1941, is unique among the Florida Highwaymen artists because he did not initially work directly with the group’s founders. However, his artistic style and subject matter aligned closely with the Highwaymen tradition, earning him recognition as a member. Lewis began selling his paintings across Central and Northeastern Florida in 1967.
Sam Newton
Sam Newton, born in Tifton, Georgia, in 1948, joined his brothers Harold and Lemuel Newton in Gifford, Florida. Although officially recognized as a Highwayman, Sam prefers to identify as an independent artist. He learned painting from his brother Harold and collaborated with other Highwaymen artists, including Reagan, Rodney Demps, and Livingston Roberts.
Curtis Arnett
Curtis Arnett, born in Greenville, Florida, in 1950, moved with his family to Fort Pierce at age five. Arnett’s artistic talent was nurtured early by Alfred Hair and A.E. Backus. At age 16, Arnett sold his first painting, quickly establishing himself as one of the youngest Florida Highwaymen artists.
Florida Highwaymen Museum in Fort Pierce
The City of Fort Pierce is currently constructing the Florida Highwaymen Museum in the Lincoln Park neighborhood. Located at the Jackie L. Caynon Sr. Building at 1234 Avenue D, renovations began in July 2024. The museum will showcase art exhibitions and public programs highlighting the struggles and triumphs of Black artists during the Jim Crow and Civil Rights eras. It will become an important addition to the Treasure Coast museums.
Original 26 Florida Highwaymen Artists
The original Florida Highwaymen artists include:
- Curtis Arnett
- Hezekiah Baker
- Al Black
- Ellis Buckner
- George Buckner
- Robert Butler
- Mary Ann Carroll
- Johnny Daniels
- Willie Daniels
- Rodney Demps
- James Gibson
- Alfred Hair
- Isaac Knight
- Robert Lewis
- John Maynor
- Roy McLendon
- Alfonso Moran
- Harold Newton
- Lemuel Newton
- Sam Newton
- Willie Reagan
- Livingston Roberts
- Carnell Smith
- Charles Walker
- Sylvester Wells
- Charles Wheeler
Frequently Asked Questions About Florida Highwaymen Artists
What are Florida Highwaymen artists known for?
The Florida Highwaymen artists are known for painting vibrant Florida landscapes. They overcame racial discrimination by selling their paintings along roadsides and directly to businesses.
How much did original Florida Highwaymen paintings cost?
Originally, Florida Highwaymen paintings sold for around $25 each. Today, these paintings are highly valued collectibles, often fetching thousands of dollars.
Are there museums dedicated to the Florida Highwaymen?
Yes, a dedicated Florida Highwaymen Museum is currently under construction in Fort Pierce. It will highlight the artists’ work and their historical significance.
Can you still buy original Florida Highwaymen artwork?
Yes, original paintings by Florida Highwaymen artists are still available through auctions, galleries, and private collectors. Prices vary based on condition and artist.
Where are most of the Florida Highwaymen artists from?
Most of the Florida Highwaymen artists originated from Fort Pierce and Gifford, Florida. These communities on the Treasure Coast were central to their artistic development. The region is also known for its influential women and their lasting legacy.
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